Isondlo sabazali-sibhekisela ekuboneleleni kwezondlo ezivela ngaphandle kwamathumbu, njenge-intravenous, intramuscular, subcutaneous, intra-abdominal, njl. Indlela ephambili i-intravenous, ngoko ke isondlo somzali sinokubizwa ngokuba yisondlo se-intravenous ngengqiqo emxinwa.
Ukutya okufakwe kwi-intravenous-kubhekisa kwindlela yonyango ebonelela ngesondlo kwizigulane ngokusebenzisa imizila ye-intravenous.
Ukubunjwa kwezondlo zomzali-ingakumbi iswekile, i-fat, i-amino acids, i-electrolytes, iivithamini, kunye ne-trace elements.
Ukunikezelwa kwesondlo sabazali-kuyahluka kwizigulane kunye namazwe ezifo. Iimfuno zekhalori zomntu omdala jikelele yi-24-32 kcal / kg·d, kwaye ifomula yesondlo kufuneka ibalwe ngokusekelwe kubunzima besigulane.
I-glucose, i-fat, i-amino acids kunye neekhalori-1g i-glucose inika i-4kcal calories, i-fat 1g inika i-9kcal calories, kunye ne-1g nitrogen inikeza i-4kcal calories.
Umlinganiselo weswekile, amafutha kunye ne-amino acid:
Umthombo wamandla ongcono kwisondlo somzali kufuneka ube yinkqubo yamandla amabini ehlanganiswe neswekile kunye namafutha, oko kukuthi, iikhalori ezingekho kwiprotheni (NPC).
(1) Umlinganiselo wenitrogen yobushushu:
Ngokubanzi 150kcal: 1g N;
Xa uxinzelelo olubuhlungu lunzima, ukunikezelwa kwenitrogen kufuneka kwandiswe, kwaye umlinganiselo wokushisa-nitrogen ungade ulungelelaniswe kwi-100kcal: 1g N ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zenkxaso ye-metabolic.
(2) Iswekile kumlinganiselo welipid:
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-70% ye-NPC ibonelelwa nge-glucose kunye ne-30% inikezelwa yi-fat emulsion.
Xa uxinzelelo olunjengokulimala, ukunikezelwa kwe-emulsion ye-fat kunganyuswa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwe-glucose kunokunciphisa. Zombini zinokubonelela nge-50% yamandla.
Umzekelo: izigulane ezingama-70kg, umyinge wesisombululo sezondlo ezifakwa emithanjeni.
1. Iyonke iikhalori: 70kg×(24——32)kcal/kg·d=2100 kcal
2. Ngokomlinganiselo weswekile kwi-lipid: iswekile yamandla-2100 × 70% = 1470 kcal.
Amafutha kumandla-2100 × 30% = 630 kcal
3. Ngokutsho kwe-1g glucose inika i-4kcal calories, i-1g yamafutha inika i-9kcal calories, kunye ne-1g nitrogen inikeza i-4kcal calories:
Isixa seswekile = 1470 ÷ 4 = 367.5g
Ubunzima bamafutha = 630 ÷ 9 = 70g
4. Ngokomlinganiselo wobushushu kwinitrogen: (2100 ÷ 150) × 1g N = 14g (N)
14×6.25 = 87.5g (iprotheni)
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-16-2021