1. Ukuhlelwa kwenkxaso yesondlo seklinikhi
Isondlo se-Enteral (EN) yindlela yokubonelela ngezondlo ezifunekayo kwi-metabolism kunye nezinye izondlo ezahlukeneyo ngokusebenzisa i-gastrointestinal tract.
Isondlo sabazali (isondlo sabazali, i-PN) kukubonelela ngesondlo esivela kwi-vein njengenkxaso yesondlo ngaphambi nangemva kokuhlinzwa kunye nezigulana ezigula kakhulu. Yonke isondlo esibonelelwa kwi-parenteral ibizwa ngokuba yi-total parenteral nutrition (TPN).
2. Umahluko phakathi kwe-EN kunye ne-PN
Umahluko phakathi kwe-EN kunye ne-PN ngulo:
I-2.1 i-EN yongezwa ngokuthatha ngomlomo okanye ngeempumlo kwi-gastrointestinal tract for digestion and absorption; isondlo sabazali songezwa ngenaliti ye-intravenous kunye nokujikeleza kwegazi.
2.2 I-EN ibanzi kwaye ilungelelene; izondlo ezongezelelweyo yi-PN zilula.
2.3 I-EN ingasetyenziselwa ixesha elide kwaye ngokuqhubekayo; I-PN ingasetyenziswa kuphela kwixesha elifutshane elithile.
I-2.4 Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide le-EN kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwesisu, ukomeleza ukuqina komzimba, kunye nokuphucula imisebenzi eyahlukeneyo yomzimba; Ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide le-PN kunokubangela ukwehla komsebenzi wesisu kwaye kubangele ukuphazamiseka kwemizimba eyahlukeneyo.
2.5 Iindleko ze-EN ziphantsi; ixabiso lePN liphezulu.
2.6 I-EN ineengxaki ezimbalwa kwaye ikhuselekile noko; I-PN ineengxaki ezininzi ngakumbi.
3.ukhetho lwe-EN kunye ne-PN
Ukukhethwa kwe-EN, i-PN okanye ukudibaniswa kwezi zibini kunqunywe kakhulu ngumsebenzi wesisu somguli kunye neqondo lokunyamezela ukubonelela ngezondlo. Ngokuqhelekileyo kuxhomekeke kwimeko yesifo, imeko yesigulane kunye nesigwebo sogqirha ophetheyo. Ukuba umsebenzi we-cardiopulmonary wesigulane awuzinzile, ininzi ye-gastrointestinal absorption function ilahlekile okanye i-metabolism yesondlo ayilingani kwaye ifuna imbuyekezo ngokukhawuleza, i-PN kufuneka ikhethwe.
Ukuba umgudu wesisu wesigulane usebenza okanye inxalenye esebenzayo, i-EN ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo kufuneka ikhethwe. I-EN yindlela yokutya ehambelana ne-physiologically, engagcini nje ukuphepha ingozi enokwenzeka ye-venous intubation ephakathi, kodwa inceda ukubuyisela umsebenzi wamathumbu. Iinzuzo zayo zilula, zikhuselekile, zinoqoqosho kwaye zisebenza ngokufanelekileyo, ngokuhambelana nemisebenzi ye-physiological, kwaye kukho ezininzi ii-enteral zondlo ezihlukeneyo.
Ngamafutshane, umgaqo obaluleke kakhulu kunye nobalulekileyo wokukhetha i-EN kunye ne-PN kukulawula ngokungqongqo izibonakaliso zesicelo, ukubala ngokuchanekileyo isixa kunye nobude benkxaso yesondlo, kwaye ukhethe ngokufanelekileyo indlela yokuxhasa izondlo.
4. Izilumkiso zokudluliselwa kwe-PN yexesha elide kwi-EN
I-PN yexesha elide inokukhokelela ekunciphiseni komsebenzi wesisu. Ke ngoko, utshintsho olusuka kwisondlo somzali ukuya kwisondlo se-enteral kufuneka lwenziwe ngokuthe ngcembe kwaye alunakuyekwa ngokukhawuleza.
Xa izigulana ezinexesha elide le-PN ziqala ukunyamezela i-EN, sebenzisa kuqala ukugxila okuphantsi, ukugalela okucothayo kwamalungiselelo esondlo se-enteral okanye amalungiselelo angeyonxalenye yesondlo se-enteral, ukubeka iliso kumanzi, ibhalansi ye-electrolyte kunye nokutya okunomsoco, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe ukwandisa amathumbu isixa se-Nutrition infusion, kunye nokunciphisa inani lesondlo se-parenteral infusions ngomlinganiselo ofanayo, de isondlo somzali singakwazi ukuhlangabezana ngokupheleleyo neemfuno zesondlo. inguqu ukuya kwisondlo esipheleleyo somzimba.
Ixesha lokuposa: Jul-16-2021